12/10/2023 0 Comments Javan rhinoceros biome![]() It historically inhabited lowland rainforest, wet grasslands, and large floodplains. The Javan rhinoceros can live around 30–45 years in the wild. Ujung Kulon National Park is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The remaining range is within one nationally protected area, but it is still at risk from poachers, disease, and loss of genetic diversity leading to inbreeding depression. Loss of habitat, especially as the result of wars, such as the Vietnam War, has also contributed to its decline and hindered recovery. : 31 As European presence in its range increased, trophy hunting also became a serious threat. The decline of Javan rhinoceros is attributed to poaching, primarily for its horns, which are highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine, fetching as much as US$30,000 per kg on the black market. The Javan rhinoceros population in Vietnam's Cat Tien National Park was declared to be locally extinct in 2011. It is one of the rarest large mammals on Earth, : 21 with a population of approximately 74 in Ujung Kulon National Park at the western tip of Java in Indonesia. ![]() Today, it is critically endangered, with only one known population in the wild, and no individuals in captivity. The Javan rhinoceros ranged from the islands of Java and Sumatra throughout Southeast Asia and into India and China. Its horn is usually shorter than 25 cm (9.8 in). It belongs to the Rhinoceros genus and has a mosaic, armour-like skin, is 3.1–3.2 m (10–10 ft) long and 1.4–1.7 m (4.6–5.6 ft) high. Tragically, the last remaining rhino from this population was shot by poachers and its horn removed.The Javan rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros sondaicus), also known as the Javan rhino, Sunda rhinoceros or lesser one-horned rhinoceros, is a very rare member of the family Rhinocerotidae and one of five extant rhinoceroses. In 2011, the second population found in Cat Tien National Park in Vietnam was confirmed as extinct.They are classified as Critically Endangered. Sadly, these ancient beasts are becoming ever so rare with only 60 individuals left in the wild.That is double the time it takes for a human to grow! Pregnancy of a Javan Rhino lasts between 16-19 months.Rhinos are generally solitary animals other than mothers with their calves and pairs in courtship or breeding.Sometimes, they drag the dung with their hind foot for several meters. Instead of sound, the Javan Rhino communicates with the sense of smell using dung heaps and urine spraying. Unlike the other rhinos that are very vocal, the Javan Rhino is a quiet animal which has made them difficult to study.Do not approach a Javan Rhino! They are aggressive and will attack humans charging their long, sharp lower teeth into victims and potentially causing dangerous, often deadly wounds.That equals the red meat an average American eats in a whole year. It is estimated that they eat up to 50kg (110lb) every day. They eat a huge variety of different leaves, young shoots and twigs that grow in unshaded areas and they eat a lot of it. ![]() Javan Rhinos are herbivores (only eat vegetation).The Javan Rhino has a pointed upper lip that helps it to grab food.Like horse hooves, if the horn breaks off it will just grow back.The Rhino uses its horn to scrape mud from the sides of wallows, to get food from plants and to protect its head when travelling through thick vegetation. That is just over the size of a pen or the width of an A4 piece of paper. They have a single horn measuring up to 20 cm long.However, as they spend the day bathing in mud holes most of the time their skin will appear black. They have grey or grey- brown skin with thick folds making them appear like they are wearing armour for battle.That is about double the weight of an average car. They are smaller than the Indian Rhino but still weigh about 1.5- 2.3 tonnes.In the wild they can live up to 35-40 years.It used to roam all over Asia from northern India, through to Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and another Indonesian island, Sumatra. The Javan Rhino, also known as the ‘Sunda Rhino’ or the ‘lesser one-horned rhino’, is only found in the lowland tropical rainforests of one location in the world, the Ujung Kulon National Park in Java, Indonesia.
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